[LAW]IELTS Vocabulary: Learn 300 Essential Words for IELTS

👩‍⚖️advocate (v.)(n.)

=> He was a strong advocate for free speech.

=> He worked as an advocate in the criminal court.

=> He was a leading advocate for women’s rights.

-strong advocate

-leading advocate

-advocate for

-advocate of

----> campaigner----> defender----> attorney----> exponent----> exponent----> lawyer

👩‍⚖️abide by

=> You must abide by school rules.

=> The police make sure that people abide by the law.

=> Employees must abide by the terms of their employment contract.

-abide by a decision

-abide by a law

-abide by an agreement

-abide by the rules

----> defer----> consent----> tolerate----> acknowledge----> accept

👩‍⚖️enforce=> enforcement=> enforced

=> Until now, the government has only enforced the ban on American ships.

=> The measures are being enforced by the army.

=> A strict monetary policy was enforced.

-enforce by

-enforce the law

-the police enforce

-strictly enforce

----> implement----> apply----> carry out----> accomplish----> impose----> invoke

👩‍⚖️invoke=> invoking=> invoked

=> The judge invoked an international law that protects refugees.

=> The NATO ambassador invoked the mutual defense clause.

=> The president invoked the power given him by the constitution.

-invoke a law

-invoke a rule

-invoke the constitution

-invoke legislation

----> effect----> use----> apply----> enforce----> resort to

👩‍⚖️jurisdiction

=> The FBI has no jurisdiction in Europe.

=> British police have no jurisdiction over foreign bank accounts.

=> The crime took within the jurisdiction of the Bangkok court of law.

-within the jurisdiction

-outside the jurisdiction

-have jurisdiction

-jurisdiction over

----> area of authority----> authority----> power----> administration----> territory----> district

👩‍⚖️litigate=> litigation

=> The cost of litigating personal injury claims is becoming expensive.

=> The chance of similar cases being litigated in India seems unlikely.

=> The settlement ends more than 4 years of litigation between the 2 companies.

-litigate a case

-litigate a claim

-litigate an issue

-litigate a matter

----> prosecute----> drag into court----> institute proceedings----> sue

👩‍⚖️prosecute=>prosecution=> prosecuting=> prosecuted

=> The police have decided not to prosecute because of a lack of evidence.

=> Photographs taken by roadside cameras are enough to prosecute motorists for speeding.

=> He is being prosecuted for a string of offenses.

-prosecute a criminal

-prosecute a suspect

-prosecute someone for

-successfully prosecute

----> arraign----> sue----> try----> indict----> litigate

👩‍⚖️clause

=> He has a clause in his contract which entitles him to a percentage of the profits.

=> The complaint alleged a breach of clause 4 of the code.

=> This clause stipulates the health and welfare benefits of employees.

-a clause in something

-a breach of a clause

-contain a clause

-include a clause

----> paragraph----> provision----> section----> article

👩‍⚖️comply=> compliance

=> The commander said that the army would comply with the terms of the ceasefire.

=> Some beaches have failed to comply with European directives on bathing water.

=> You must fully comply with the requirements of the agreement.

-comply with something

-comply with laws

-comply with regulations

-fully comply

----> obey----> adhere to----> observe

👩‍⚖️exempt

=> College students were exempt from military service.

=> Any income gained from this source is exempt from tax.

=> Basic necessities, such as children’s clothing and food, are exempt from sales tax.

-exempt from

-exempt from tax

-potentially exempt

-currently exempt

----> not liable----> absolved----> excused----> immune

👩‍⚖️ratify= ratification

=> The parliaments of Australia and Indonesia have yet to ratify the treaty.

=> Russia formally ratified the Kyoto Protocol on Thursday.

=> The two companies formally ratified the merger.

-ratify a treaty

-ratify an agreement

-formally ratify

-officially ratify

----> approve----> sign----> endorse----> affirm----> confirm

👩‍⚖️sanction=> sanctioned=> sanctioning=> sanctioned

=> The president may now be ready to sanction the use of force.

=> He decided to sanction an increase in public borrowing.

=> They argued that an invasion could only take place with the sanction of the United Nations.

-sanction a law

-sanction the use of

-officially sanction

-legally sanction

----> approve----> ratify----> certify----> authorize----> allow

👩‍⚖️uphold=> upholding=> upheld

=> Our policy has been to uphold the law.

=> The court upheld the judge’s original decision.

=> The judges unanimously upheld the appeal.

-uphold the law

-uphold a ruling

-uphold a sentence

-unanimously uphold

----> back----> endorse----> confirm----> maintain----> stand by----> support

👩‍⚖️violate=> violates

=> They went to prison because they violated the law.

=> They violated the ceasefire agreement.

=> There are allegations of human rights violations.

-violate the law

-violate a rule

-in violation

-a violation of the law

----> break----> contravene----> disregard----> breach----> infringe----> disobey